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| History of the Bayerischen Staatsgemäldesammlungen The Bayerischen Staatsgemaeldesammlungen (Bavarian State Painting Collections) is the municipal establishment that succeeded the „Centralgemaeldegaleriedirektion“ (Central Painting Gallery Administration), which itself was established in the late 18th century after the Wittelsbacher’s painting reserve grew exceptionally large owing to the inheritance of the Mannheim and Zweibrueck galleries. A short time later, at the beginning of the 19th century, the collection grew even further due to the secularization and acquisition of the Dusseldorf gallery. As a result of the augmented inventory, the location was changed. Having first been stored in the Neues Schloss Schleissheim, between 1777 and 1782 a new gallery was erected for the paintings in the Hofgarten (court gardens) of the Residenz (Residence). From 1826 to 1836 the Alte Pinakothek was built, and in 1853 the “Neue” (New) Pinakothek was established for “contemporary” art of the times (destroyed 1944/45). Starting in 1919 the more modern works of the second half of the 19th century were exhibited in an exhibition structure on Koenigsplatz that was henceforth called the “Neue Staatsgalerie” (New State Gallery). After the second World War the west wing of Haus der Kunst served as a provisional exhibition space for the main art works from all the establishments. After the old master works were moved into the refurbished Alte Pinakothek (1957) and those of the 19th century relocated to the newly built Neue Pinakothek (1981), the temporary space was turned over to the “Staatsgalerie moderner Kunst (State Gallery for Modern Art)” for its 20th century collection. In 2002 this collection – now named “Sammlung Moderne Kunst” (Collection Modern Art)– finally found its permanent home in the newly opened Pinakothek der Moderne in Munich’s “Kunstareal”, a museum complex in the immediate vicinity of the Alte and Neue Pinakothek. The collection profile of the Bavarian State Painting Collections has altered with time, so that the name “painting collections” is only partially valid: Whereas the collection, until the 18th century, actually only consisted of paintings, today sculpture can also be found in the Neue Pinakothek. The classic genre terms play only a secondary role for the 20th and 21st century collections, having given way to a changing art idiom: The Modern Art Collection contains photography, sculpture, video and spatial installations, as well as paintings. The associated galleries of the Bavarian State Painting Collections are located throughout Bavaria. Several hark back to the 19th century as, after the secularization in the entire former kingdom, alternative quarters were sought for the nation’s “grand art”. A few of these galleries (for example in Bamberg and Augsburg) are actually older than the Alte Pinakothek. After the reorganization in the 60’s and 70’s the galleries have exhibited collections of very high quality, suited to their particular region and area. |
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